PROTOTYPE OF HEART RATE SENSOR FOR THE PROGNOSIS OF HEART PROBLEMSPROTOTIPO DE SENSOR DE FRECUENCIA CARDÍACA PARA EL PRONÓSTICO DE PROBLEMAS CARDÍACOS PROTOTIPO DE SENSOR DE FRECUENCIA CARDÍACA PARA EL PRONÓSTICO DE PROBLEMAS CARDÍACOS

El presente artículo busca diseñar y desarrollar una herramienta de software para dispositivos móviles que ayude a la predicción de las complicaciones cardíacas de una persona mediante un sensor Arduino ubicado en una pulsera o asa que se comunica mediante redes informáticas al objeto enviando información en tiempo real. Y comparar la información con una base de datos que contiene información sobre diferentes casos de complicaciones de salud en personas con enfermedades cardíacas o presión arterial


ABSTRACT
The present article seeks to design and develop a software tool for mobile devices that helps the prediction of a person's heart complications by means of a Arduino sensor located on a bracelet or handle that communicates using computer networks to the object sending information in real time And comparing the information with a database containing information on different cases of health complications in people with heart disease or blood pressure.

KEYWORDS
Teleinformatics, Internet of Things, Heart Rate, sensors, Telecommunications Networks. In this project it is proposed the design and development of a software tool that helps the detection of a person's heart rhythm by means of a sensor located on a bracelet or handle, which will send the information in real time to the mobile device that has the user to have an efficient control over their heart health. The device will alert the user if it exceeds the normal beats per minute heart rate and in case the user does not notify the mobile device that it is a false alarm, a message will be sent notifying some family that the user has registered in the application since it could be a heart complication and even a heart attack.

BACKGROUND
Next, we will talk about different applications for · 4 9 8 · In the present work it is necessary to determine the user's heart rhythm in real time to be able to predict his health in a mobile application and thus help him with possible cardiac complications.
For this a heart rate sensor will be used using Arduino, which will be placed on a wristband to facilitate its use by the user and thus measure the pulsations per second it generates. On the other hand, will be designed an application for devices Android 4.4 onwards and IOS which will communicate with the sensor via Bluetooth and receive the information provided by the user in real time.
The application will have a graphical interface that is quite intuitive and easy to use, having various options such as setting the sound of an alarm that will be issued in case of a possible emergency, as well as when predicting a possible discomfort in the user's heart rhythm, also the possibility of establishing one or more telephone contacts to which a message will be sent warning of the situation of the person in case it is a real complication.
As for the forecast by the application, it is proposed to use a database that allows to determine by means of the historical values of cardiac pulsations of the person, when they are in a level superior or inferior of the normal and daily rhythm of that user, but likewise the possibility of warning in situations in which the heart rate accelerates more than normal but is not a real emergency.
The application will have a database fed from a set of data on electrocardiograms (ECG) with which to determine the heart rates of a set of people with different heart problems and others without any complication.

Design
For the development of this work, the sensor that detects the heart rate and the mobile application must be designed, which will inform the user about their condition and communicate to a contact of the person or their trusted doctor in case of an emergency. Below is the general scheme that the system will have in its operation with the user. Authors.
As for the design of the mobile application, it is proposed that it be for devices with both the Android 4.4 and IOS operating system, in addition to having a clear and easy to use interface for any type of user, in which you can observe the data obtained by the sensor. The following is an initial design of the interface that the mobile application of this project must have.

Source: Authors
As seen in the previous figure the interface is divided into 4 main sections: • Section 1: This is the zone where the application menu buttons are located and with which the user can interact.
• Section 2: This is the site where the title of the application is displayed with the information that is needed regarding the application developer. Heart rate sensor: For the development of the sensor Arduino is a microcontroller that helps us to manipulate different types of sensors and hardware tools. In this case it is sought to determine the pulse or heart rate of a user, which will be determined by means of an electrocardiogram (ECG) that will be analyzed later by the signal processing model to determine the value of the heart rate.
In addition, this sensor has a module that sends the information already processed by means of Bluetooth to the mobile device for its visualization in the application.    After having the ECG, it is necessary to determine the value of the heart rate that has at a given moment with each patient, for this a formula is used that consists of dividing 300 in the number of pictures that are seen in the electrocardiogram between two waves R (these are the ECG peaks), for example in Figure 7, the heart rate would be approximately 75 bpm (beats per minute) as 4 frames are observed between two adjacent peaks, which is calculated by: 300/4 = 75 mpl.

APPLICATION HEART UD
For the development of the application, the Unity 3D development software was used, which allows the export of applications to different platforms as well as for mobile devices with the Android 4.4 and IOS operating systems.
In the initial interface is presented the basic information to the user received by the sensor after having obtained the value of pulsations per minute. The system handles three types of states mainly depending on the heart rate that B O L E T Í N R E D I P E 1 0 ( 1 0 ) : 2 2 -3 2 -O C T U B R E 2 0 2 1 -I S S N 2 2 5 6 -1 5 3 6 · 5 0 4 · it obtains from the user, which are Bradycardia for frequencies lower than 60, a Normal state for frequencies between 60 and 100 and Tachycardia for frequencies greater than 100.
[10]. As for the setup menu, when the user presses the "Config" button, an interface is presented that contains a field to select the type of sound that you want to sound in case there is any complication in the heart rhythm, another field for the name of a family contact or close to the person and finally a field with an email to which a message will be sent in case of an emergency as shown in the following figure.