Theater as a safe environment to start productive skills development in an EFL classroom

Main Article Content

Bertha Ramos Holguín https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4468-1402
Jahir Aguirre Morales
Angélica Palacios

Keywords

Safe environments, theater, productive skills

Abstract

This article describes a pedagogical proposal based on theater as a safe space to develop productive skills in an EFL classroom. Thirty-six eleventh graders from a public school in Tunja participated in the theater sessions. In each session, we collected data through recordings, interviews, and field notes to understand the impact of the pedagogical intervention. The findings suggested that theater could help créate a safe environment that decreased students’ anxiety levels while exploring the language. As a result, the students’ productive skills started to emerge. We argue the need to change classroom dynamics, organization, and time management in order to create transformative places that foster safe environments in the EFL classroom.

Abstract 239 | PDF Downloads 226

References

Atas, M (2015) The reduction of speaking anxiety in EFL learners through drama techniques.Procedia Social and Behavioral Sciences, 176: 961–69.

Baran-Lucarz, M. (2014). The link between pronunciation anxiety and willingness to communicate in the foreign-language classroom: The Polish EFL context. The Canadian Modern Language Review, 70 (4): 445-473.

Brown, H. D. (1994). Teaching by principles: An interactive approach to language pedagogy. Englewood Cliffs, NJ:Prentice Hall Regents.

Brown, G., & Yule, G. (1983). Teaching the spoken language: An approach based on the analysis of conversational English.Cambridge: Cambridge University.

Bayram, D. and Hayirsever, F. (2016). Studentcentred Learning: How Does It Work in Practice? British Journal of Education,Society & Behavioural Science, 18(3):1-15.

Carter, R. (2003). Ten Questions about Language Awareness. En Rod Bolitho et al., What are the relationships between Language Awareness and existing theories of language?. ELT Journal, 57 (3), 251-259.

Cervantes, D. (2019). Reflexiones del uso del teatro como herramienta didáctica para la enseñanza de lenguas extranjeras: Entre beneficios y ventajas. Revista Boletín Redipe, Vol. 8 Nº. 12, 2019, págs. 143-149.

Cornbleet, S. & Carter, R. (2001). The Language of Speech and Writing. London: Routdlege.

Chaney, A.L., and Burk, T. L. (1998). Teaching Oral Communication in Grades K-8.Boston: Allyn & Bacon.

Chaux, E. & Velásquez, A. (2009). Peace Education in Colombia: The Promise of Citizenship Competencies. Peace Initiatives in Colombia. Washington:United States: Institute of Peace, USIP.

Council of Europe. (2001). Common European Framework of Reference for Languages: Learning, teaching, assessment. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
Degirmenci, N. and Yavuz, F. (2015). Teaching English to Very Young Learners. Procedia – Social and Behavioral Sciences , 197, 19 – 22.

Dörnyei, Z. (2001). Motivational strategies in the language classroom. Cambridge: CUP. Freire, P. & Ira Shor. ( 1987). The Dream of Liberating Education. In P. Freire & Ira Shor (Eds.), A Pedagogy of Liberation.Dialogues on Transforming Education.(pp. 1-15).

Bergin & Garvey Publishers. Golkova, D., and Hubackova, S. (2014).Productive skills in second Language learning. Social and Behavioral Sciences, 143, 477-481.

Golkova, D. and Hubackova, S. (2014). Productive skills in second language learning. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences. 143 , 477 – 481.

Glaser, B. G., & Strauss, A. L. (1978). The discovery of grounded theory strategies for qualitative research. New Brunswick: Aldine Transaction.

Grant, S., Huang, H., & Pasfield-Neofitou, S. (2013). Language learning in virtual worlds: The role of foreign language and technical anxiety. Journal of Virtual Worlds Research, 6 (1): 1-9

Kashdan, T. B. (2007). Social anxiety spectrum and diminishedpositive experiences: Theoretical synthesis and metaanalysis. Clinical Psychology Review, 27, 348–365.

Kubanyiova, M. (2006). Developing a motivational teaching practice in EFL teachers in Slovakia: challenges of promoting teacher change in EFL contexts. TESL-EJ, 10(2), 1-17.

Lamata, R. (2005). La actitud creativa. Madrid: Narcea.

Liu, M. (2006). Anxiety in Chinese EFL students at different proficiency levels. System.

Liu, M. and Huang, W. (2011). An Exploration of Foreign Language Anxiety and English Learning Motivation. Education Research International. Retrieved from h t t p s : / / w w w. r e s e a r c h g a t e . n e t /publication/48227260_An_Exploration_of_Foreign_Language_Anxiety_and_English_Learning_Motivation.

Maimone, R. (2016). Approaches to educational drama in foreign language learning.Padova: Università degli Studi di Padova.

Mak, B. (2011). An exploration of speaking-inclass anxiety with Chinese ESL learners. System, 39 (2): 202-214.

Maslow, A. H. (1943). A theory of human motivation. Psychological Review, 50(4),370– 396.

Mitchell, V. (1996). Rethinking foreign language writing. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Moreno, J. (1999): Didáctica del vocabulario en la E.S.O.: Estudio empírico. Murcia:Universidad de Murcia.

Motos, T. (1992). Las técnicas dramáticas: Procedimiento didáctico para la enseñanza de la lengua y la literatura en la educación secundaria . Murcia: Universidad de Valencia.

Murphy, S. (2011). Let England Shake: 12 short films by Seamus Murphy [DVD].Universal Music.

McLaren, P. (2003). Life in Schools: An Introduction of Critical Pedagogy in the Foundations of Education. Boston: Allyn and Bacon.

Núñez Cubero, L. y Navarro Solano, M.R. (2007). Dramatización y educación: aspectos teóricos. Teoría de la educación, 19, 225-252.

Ur, P. (2006). A course in language teaching: Practice and theory. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Winston, J., and Stinson, M. (2014). Drama Education and Second Language Learning. New York: Routledge.